Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Acetate from α-Cellulose of Paper Waste
Abstract
A cellulose derivative substance called cellulose acetate is frequently used in the manufacturing of photographic film, fiber, membranes, and bioplastics. However, the availability of sources for cellulose acetate's raw material does not support this demand. Paper waste has a high cellulose content. Therefore, the aim of this research is to synthesize cellulose acetate from α-cellulose waste paper. In order to separate alpha cellulose from waste paper in this study, the delignification process with NaOH solvent was used as a first step. After obtaining alpha cellulose, acetic anhydride was used to carry out the acetylation reaction. The yield of α-cellulose from paper waste is 51.8%. α-Cellulose is reacted with acetic anhydride through acetylation reactions and hydrolysis of acetyl groups. From this reaction, functional groups -OH, C=O ester, and C-O acetyl appeared from the FTIR spectra analysis which indicated that cellulose acetate had been successfully synthesized. The type of cellulose acetate produced is a type of cellulose monoacetate with an acetyl groups of 23% and a degree of substitution value of 1.17.
Full Text:
Full Text PDFReferences
A. Sayyed, N.A. Deshmukh, N.A., D. Pinjari, “A critical review of manufacturing processes used in regenerated cellulosic fibres: viscose, cellulose acetate, cuprammonium, LiCl/DMAc, ionic liquids, and NMMO based lyocell,” Cellulose, vol. 26, pp. 2913–2940, 2019, doi : 10.1007/s10570-019-02318-y
R.G. Candido, G.G. Godoy, A.R. Goncalves, “Characterization and application of cellulose acetate synthesized from sugarcane bagasse,” Carbohydrate Polymer, 1677, pp. 280-289, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.057
M.R.L.L. Gaol, R. Sitorus, “Pembuatan selulosa asetat dari α-selulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit, Jurnal Teknik Kimia, vol. 2, pp : 33-39, 2013, doi:10.32734/jtk.v2i3.1447
K. Syamsu, T. Kuryani, “Pembuatan Biofilm Selulosa Asetat dari Selulosa Mikrobial Nata de Cassava,” E-Jurnal Agroindustri Indonesia, vol. 3, pp: 126-133, 2014.
V. Ruseimy, “Konversi ilmiah kertas menjadi etanol dengan menggunakan enzim selulase melalui sakarifikasi dan fermentasi serentak, Skripsi, Universitas Indonesi, Indonesia, 2009.
M.R. Siregar, Y. Hendrawan, W.A. Nugroho, “Pengaruh Konsentrasi NaOH dan lama waktu pemanasan microwave dalam proses pretreatment terhadap kadar lignoselulosa Chlorella vulgaris.” Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, vol. 15, pp: 129-138, 2014.
M.S. Islam, N. Kao, S.N. Bhattacharya, R. Gupta, P.K. Bhattacharjee, “Effect of low-pressure alkaline delignification process on the production of nanocrystalline cellulose from rice husk,” Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 80, pp: 820–834, 2017, doi. 10.1016/j.jtice.2017.06.042
C. Rechter, S. Fischer, F. Reimann, H. Brelid, T. Heinze “Influence of pulp characteristics on the properties of alkali cellulose”, Cellulose, vol. 27 pp: 7227–7241, 2020, doi:10.1007/s10570-020-03151-4
Y.H. Feng, T.Y. Cheng, W.G. Yang, P.T Ma, H.Z, He, “Characteristics and environmentally friendly extraction of cellulose nanofibrils from sugarcane bagasse,” Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 111, pp. 285–291, 2018, doi. 10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.10.041
A.M.P. Dewi, M.Y. Kusumaningrum, D.N. Edowai, Y. Pranoto, P. Darmadji. “Ekstraksi dan karakterisasi selulosa dari limbah ampas sagu,” Conference SNST 8 Universitas Wahid Hasyim, vol. 1, no. 1, 2017.
F.L. Mangesti, H. Sosidi, Prismawrayanti, Syamsudin, “Adsorpsi logam Pb dan Cu dari pelumas bekas menggunakan blending selulosa asetat-kitosan,” Kovalen Jurnal Riset Kimia Kovalen, vol. 5, pp: 222-232, 2019, doi: 10.22487/kovalen.2019.v5.i2.12990
Y. Lestari, P. Ardiningsih, Nurlina, “Aktivitas antibakteri gram positif dan negatif dari ekstrak dan fraksi daun nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) Asal Pesisir Sungai Kakap Kalimantan Barat,” Jurnal Kimia Khatulistiwa, vol. 5, pp : 1-8, 2016.
D. Natalia, “Pengaruh perbandingan selulosa dan asam asetat glasial serta jenis pelarut pada pembuatan membran selulosa asetat dari limbah kertas,” Tesis, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia, 2013.
L. Lismeri, M.Z. Poppy, N. Tika, D. Yuli, ”Sintesis selulosa asetat dari limbah batang ubi kayu,” Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan, vol. 11, pp: 82-91, 2016, doi: 10.23955/rkl.v11i2.5407
F.A. Souhoka, J. Latupeirissa, “Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Asetat (CA),” Indo. J. Chem. Res, vol. 5, pp. 8-62, 2018, doi: 10.30598//ijcr.2018.5-fen
L.C. Yeng, M.U. Wahit, N. Othman, “Thermal and flexural properties of regenerated cellulose (RC)/Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) Biocomposites,” Jurnal Teknologi, vol. 75, pp: 107-112, 2015, doi:10.11113/jt.v75.5338
P. N. Trisanti, S. Setiawan, Nuraini, “Ekstraksi selulosa dari serbuk gergaji kayu sengon melalui proses delignifikasi alkali ultrasonik,” Jurnal Sains Material Indonesia, vol. 19, pp: 113-119, 2018, doi : 10.17146/jsmi.2018.19.3.4496
D. Hasriani, Adriana, Zulkifli. “Sintesis selulosa asetat dari limbah kertas hvs dengan variasi temperatur dan waktu hidrolisis, Jurnal Ristera, vol. 1, pp: 31-34, 2022
Lismeri, L., Irmalinda, G., Darni, D., & Herdiana, N. “Aplikasi fiber selulosa dari limbah batang ubi kayu sebagai film komposit berbasis low density polyethylene (LDPE),” Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kulit Karet dan Plastik ke-7. pp. 69-82, 2018.
N. Siswati, A.N. Wachidah, A. E., Ariyani, “Selulosa asetat dari ampas sagu” Jurnal Teknik Kimia, vol. 15, pp: 90-94, 2021, doi. 10.33005/jurnal_tekkim.v15i2.2547
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24845/ijfac.v8.i2.82
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Editorial Office:
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya
Jl. Palembang-Prabumulih Km.35 Indralaya Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan 30662
IJFAC by Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License